Rosetta Stone

Is a stone of stones black basalt dating back to 196 BC. M. and recorded it inauguration priests King Ptolemy V and recognized king of the country has priests in the city of Memphis recording this important occasion on the stone of black basalt written in three languages ​​were used in Egypt at thattime and languages ​​are hieroglyphic and demotic (Coptic and are intended to modern language and writing of the ancient Egyptians) and Greek (ancient Greek).

The content of writing in praise of the Pharaoh of Egypt's New Ptolemy V of the Ptolemies and recording the good achievements of the priests and the people of Egypt. And have been written by priests to read it from the public and private senior Egyptian ruling class
Named this stone as the Rosetta Stone because he discovered near a branch of the Nile at the Nile Delta named Rosetta

Rosetta Stone is a stone, who announced to the world history of the Pharaohs of Egypt

 Rosetta Stone, known outside Egypt as Rosetta Stone Bey Citadel called historians foreigners as Castle Julian, and the castle created by Sultan Al-Ashraf Qaitbay year 1479 AD to defend those gaps against the invaders who are attacking Egypt from the sea, which is rectangular and is found in its environs four circular towers and fence Mzagl soldiers can launch stock or fire, and within the castle in space space which contained the remains of rectangular building was contains rooms for soldiers and stores, a mosque and water tanks, has many of the rulers of Egypt reforms and changes and additions since the fourteenth century until the nineteenth century,

Ordered French General Abdullah Jacques Mino reform Julian Castle

The discovery of this stone in August 1799 Pierre Francois Xavier Bouchard (1772-1832), and was an engineer officer one of the officers of the French campaign, while doing engineering work when "Julian Castle" near Rosetta (Gap For 70 km east of Alexandria) and Osraly stone famous stoneRosetta under the ruins of the castle during the procedure modifications and rebuilt and renovated to suit modern French weapons from guns and rifles then signed his gaze on granite chamber which amounts to one meter in terms of height, and up to 73 wide-centimeter to 27 centimeters thick.

    

It is believed that this stone was part of a memorial from one of the temples and when he was Muslim Arabs need stones were demolishing temples and churches to take the stones to create castles hostilities or even build their mosques were engraved on the stone texts three three different languages ​​and when he saw the officer «Bouchard» knew theimmediately important so he extracted the stone wall and isolate the unit. Then sent to engineer bridges and roads «Michel Ange Lancry who was passing by chance in the city of Al Rosetta and asked him to help him to understand the significance and importance of this stone., And other decoding ancient hieroglyphs, but they did not arrive to solve its symbols and thus detect all of Egyptian history, which led to that became famous Rosetta stone and the city relative to the place where he discovered the stone

  

The Rosetta Stone was the key solution puzzle hieroglyphic language has remained French scholar Champollion long study of these inscriptions on stone 

It was the first attempt to decode this stone made ​​by Swedish diplomat world Thomas Ocirbel who know the name of Ptolemy and some of the other characters, but the British scientist Thomas Laing have discovered that hieroglyphics are the letters of the votes. Royal and names written into oval shapes called perhaps Egyptologists name cartridges, but missed the acoustic properties of these symbols. Even reached the French scientist Champollion to decipher the ancient Egyptian language by comparing the characters to each other and private names and this discovery led to decipher the French scientist Jean-Francois Champollion (1790 AD - 1832) codes hieroglyphics. Managed Champollion decode hieroglyphics in 1822 AD. Because the Greek text is about 54 lines 

Once briefed the archaeologists and history to set off on a passion for discovering the world's greatest civilization known to mankind in ancient history

He was transferred stone to London in accordance with the terms of the Treaty of 1801 between the English and French, and is now considered one of the most important artifacts displayed in the British Museum in London and the Egyptian attempts are underway to recover but has not yet succeeded.

   

It came in the text inscribed on the stone «during the reign of King Little, who succeeded his father King His crowns Great, who founded the Egypt and the Savior of the gods victorious over his enemies, which brought a decent life for people Supervisor celebrate the thirtieth year, just like Hephaestus greatest king like the sun.
King of the Two Countries northern and southern Great son the god Velobatorres recognized by Hephaestus, who was endorsed by the sun of victory, the living image of the sun Xues I'm Ptolemy. Live loved Ptah. In the ninth year (ana) Ethos Ethos priest of Alexandria and the gods Sotiris and Adolphe and Aburjaty gods and Velobatorres.